Showing posts with label Parthenope. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Parthenope. Show all posts

Friday, November 12, 2010

The Odious Women 3-Day Tour


I hope you've enjoyed my Odious Women Tour.  My biographies, this month, come to an end.  If you would like to take a walking tour of the region, enjoying the major sights through the eyes of prominent historical women, here's my suggested route:

Day #1:  Downtown Naples

1)  Start at Piazza del Plebiscito and walk up the steps behind the Piazza.  You'll pass the Industrial Arts Museum.  Take a left on any street and then start making your way up to Pizzafalcone where the siren Parthenope was born.  Lady Hamilton and her husband also had a villa here.

2)  Return to Piazza del Plebiscito and continue to the Teatro San Carlo.  You can take a tour of the theater or purchase tickets for a show.  The gambling mezzo-soprano Isabella Colbran performed here.  You can also search for the bust of her lover, Domenico Barbaja.

3)  In the distance you'll see the Castel Nuovo where Queen Joanna I was raised by her grandfather Robert the Wise.  Petrach, among others, also stayed in this castle.

4)  Next, head down Via Toledo where you pass Piazzetta di Matilde Serao.  Pick up Il Mattino in honor of the journalist, Matilde Serao, who founded the Neapolitan newspaper.  Many other palazzos are along this street, including that of Rossini, Isabella Colbran's husband.  The Galleria di Palazzo Zevallos Stigliano houses Caravaggio's painting The Martyrdom of Saint Ursula.  Artemisia Gentileschi studied under this Baroque painter for a time.

5)  From Via Toledo head to Piazza Del Gesu Nuovo and then take a right onto Via Santa Chiara.  Here, you can enter the Spanish tiled cloister where the Clarissa Nuns still live today.  Search for the remains of Queen Joanna I whose body was dumped somewhere inside.

6)  Walk along the bustling Via S. Biagio Dei Librai and take a left on Via Duomo.  One block up and to your right, you'll see the Castel Capuano in the distance where Queen Joanna II had her court.

7)  Take Via Duomo until you reach the Naples Cathedral.  A side chapel here pays tribute to Saint Restituta, the African saint whose remains came to Naples with San Guadioso.  This basilica was originally dedicated to her and in the side chapel you can still visit part of the original paleo-Christian basilica.

8)  Going down the hill from Via Duomo, you'll reach Piazza Garibaldi.  Eusapia Palladino used to give her seances at a hotel here that no longer exists.  Nearby, there's an English language cemetery.  Eusapia lived and died in an apartment somewhere along the adjacent street.

9)  A few blocks from Piazza Garibaldi and a stone's throw from the port, the Piazza Mercato was once known as Execution Square.  The Parthenopean Rebel, Eleonora Fonseca Pimental was executed in this space surrounded by three churches.  Today, the space is often used as a soccer field.

10)  Return to Via Duomo and walk past the Cathedral all the way up to Piazza Cavour.  A bus takes you from here to the Museo di Capodimonte where you can search for the works of Artemisia Gentileschi.

11)  Head back by bus to Piazza del Plebiscito and walk up Via Chiaia until you reach the Bay of Naples.  Mary Shelley purportedly came up with her idea of the character Frankenstein along this promenade.  The street is called Parthenope after the siren who lured Ulysses onto the shores.  The Castel dell'Ovo is where Joanna I was held captive for a time.  Sophia Loren dined at the restaurant La Bersagliera and they have pictures of her inside.

12)  Heading along the Bay away from the downtown area, you'll hit Via Posillipo where the Palazzo Donna'Anna has the ghostly legends of Anna Carafa and Queen Joanna II.  The opulent villas along this street also have many beaches for swimming and sunbathing during the summer.

Day #2: Caserta -- Torre Annunziata -- Salerno


1)  The Reggia di Caserta is where the Bourbons created their Versailles-like court.  Queen Maria Sophia lived here and you can see some of her apartments as well as her portrait in the Art Gallery.  (The Caserta Palace is also part of my Bourbon Tour.)

2)  Head out to Torre Annunziata where you can visit Oplontis, the villa of Roman Emperor Nero's wife, Poppaea.

3)  End the day at the Medical School in Salerno, about an hour drive from Oplontis.  The physician Trotula worked at this medical school, once considered the best in Europe.

Day #3:  The Phlegraean Fields

1)  Visit the trapezoidal Antro della Sibilla where the Cumean Sybil uttered her oracles.

2)  Make an appointement with Carlo Santillo to see the Grotto della Sibilla, located at Lago Averno where the Cimmerean Sybil gave her oracles.

3)  The Tomb of Agrippina in Bacoli has an eerie old theater said to hold the remains of Roman Emperor Nero's mother.  There's an Underwater Diving School up the street, restaurants along the water, a Lido, and a promenade for walking.

4)  Pozzuoli is a port town with an amphitheater, several archeological ruins, and a wonderful nightlife.  St. Paul was said to have landed on these shores one his way to Rome.  For the Odious Women Tour, Pozzuoli is the birthplace of the forever elegant actress, Sophia Loren.

Thursday, June 10, 2010

The Siren with a hidden tomb: Parthenope


The Odious Women Tour: The origins of Naples trace back to an odious woman – the siren, Parthenope. Greek colonizers landed on the Campania shores around the eighth century B.C. and first founded the acropolis town of Cuma. From there, they ventured down to the Bay where they settled in a city they named Parthenope. Soon, they founded an additional city attached to Parthenope, which they called Neapolis or the New City.

From a purely mythological standpoint, Homer’s character Odysseus sailed through much of the boot of Italy, and perhaps sailed north, where he passed Parthenope along the island of Nisida. Of course, I'd like to claim this legend since I live in Naples.

Interestingly, the sirens were portrayed in Greek vases as birds with human faces. The Roman writer, Ovid, codified this idea when he wrote that the sirens were companions to Persephone. When she was abducted by Hades, the sirens couldn't find her and begged to have wings. Demeter granted their wish, giving them sticks for legs, wings, and yet let them retain their female faces and human voice.

But beyond the legends -- could Parthenope have been a real person? Strabo (63/64 B.C. – 24 A.D.), the traveling Greek historian and geographer, mentioned that the tomb of Parthenope existed near Neapolis and a torch race was held every year in her honor. Could this tomb still lie somewhere beneath the city?

Today, a sliver of the ancient Greek foundations can be visited in Piazza Bellini. Perhaps Parthenope lies close by:

Or perhaps she lies along the street Neapolitans named after her -- the Via Parthenope:

Or perhaps she lies beneath the Castel dell'Ovo and her ghost knows the location of Virgil's Egg. While the castle we see today was built by the Normans, the Greeks from Cuma settled first along this small island:

Interestingly, the Italian word ‘Sirena’ today does not mean siren or bird, but ‘mermaid’ – a creature of the sea.